innovative work

INTRODUCTION

PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION


Programmed instruction is a method of presenting new subject matters to students in a graded sequence of controlled steps. Students work through the programmed material by themselves at their own speed and after each step test their comprehension by answering an examination question or filling in a diagram. They are then immediately shown the correct answer or given additional information. Computers and other types of teaching machines are often used to present the material, although books may also be used.
Programmed instruction consists of a network of statements and tests, which direct the student to new statements depending on his pattern of errors. It is based on a particular tool which is called teaching machine.

C++


C++ is a general-purpose programming language. It has imperative, object-oriented and generic programming features, while also providing facilities for low-level memory manipulation. It was designed with a bias toward system programming and embedded, resource-constrained and large systems, with performance, efficiency and flexibility of use as its design highlights.
C++ has also been found useful in many other contexts, with key strengths being software infrastructure and resource-constrained applications, including desktop applications, servers (e.g. e-commerce, web search or SQL servers), and performance-critical applications (e.g. telephone switches or space probes). C++ is a compiled language, with implementations of it available on many platforms and provided by various organizations, including the Free Software Foundation (FSF's GCC), LLVM, Microsoft, Intel and IBM.
Many other programming languages have been influenced by C++, including C#, D, Java, and newer versions of C (after 1998).

OBJECTIVES


To develop a c++ programme
To bring a desirable change in the behaviour of the learner
To introduce programmed learning to a normal classroom
To acquire the skill of programming
To provide knowledge about articles






‘’LEARN WITH ME, PLAY WITH ME’’
                                              -Innovative work

Play with me, Learn with me is the title given to my innovative work which is a computer programme developed by myself. I have used C++, a programming language to develop this programme. This work is based on the principles of programmed learning. The main focus is to bring desirable change in the cognitive domain of the learners’ behaviour. In this programme selected content is analysed and broken into smaller elements. Each element is independent and complete in itself. Responses are also provided to the learners. The correct response of the learner is the new knowledge or new behaviour. Immediate confirmation of correct response provides reinforcement to the learner. Physical presence of the teacher is not necessary.
Five fundamental principles of programmed instruction are used for this programme.
Small steps
Active responding
Immediate confirmation
Self-pace
Student testing


Advantages of this computer programme

The emphasis is given to individual differences and student involvement
There is no fixed time interval for learning
Students may learn at their own pace
Immediate confirmation of the results
Provides positive reinforcement  encourages the learners to proceed
Negative reinforcement provides for the wrong answer
Learner will be able to develop mastery over the content


Suggestion for this strategy

A programmer should have thorough knowledge of the content and technique
It should be used as a supplementary device for remedial teaching in the classroom
It should be used in distance education or continuing education programmes